Apparatus for cracking oil



Aug. 31 1926. ,598,368

G. EGLoFF ET Al.

APPARATUS FOR CRACKING OIL Original Filed March 23 ttl Patented ug. 31, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV EGLOFF AND HARRY I. BENNER, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS 'IO UNI- VERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A' CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA.

APPARATUS FOR CRACKING OIL.

Application led March 23, 1921, Serial No. 454,846. Renewed January 14. 1926.

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for cracking hydrocarbon oils and refers more particularly to that type of apparatus in which the oil is fed continuously through a heating coil land thence to an expansion chamber Where vaporization takes place.

-The object of the present invention 1s to provide more effective means for handling the carbon precipitated in the expansion chamber so as to permit of a much, longer operation of the process without the necessity of shutting down for cleaning.

In the drawing, the single ligure is a view, partly in vertical section and partly in side elevation, of our improved apparatus. s

Referring in kdetail' to the drawings, 1 designates the furnace having stack 2, burner 3 and combustion space 4. In the stack is mounted the heating coil 5 which may take the form of a continuous length of coil lofsay, 4 diameter, having 1500 ysquare feet of heating surface. The inlet side of ythis coil'is connected by feed line 6A to the charging pumps7`leading to any suitable source of supply. The discharge side of the coil is connected byl transfer line 8 to the elongated expansion chamber 9, which may take the form of a cylindrical drum eight feet 'in diameter and fty feet long, having a capacity .of over 100 tons of carbon when full. This drum is provided with a vapor outlet pipe 10 extending into the .upper endof a dephlegmator 11, the pipe 10 having spaced cap member 12 to prevent the reflux condensate from falling back into the chamber9. The dephlegmator l1 lis provided with a plurality of spaced foraminated or perforated plates 13. It also has reflux return pipe l14 leadingy back to the feed line 6. The upper end ofthe dephlegmator isv connected by pipe 15 to condenser coil 16 seated in condenser box 17.`

The lower end of the coil is connected by pipe 18 to the top of receiver 19. This re ceiver 19 has pressure gauge 20, liquid level gauge 21 and gas outlet pipe 22, distillate drawoi pipe 23. .Various parts of the system are provided with throttle valves 24 for rnairltainin nsuitable vapor pressure on the system as s own in the drawings.

Referring back to the expansion chamber 9, it is provided with a plurality of residuum drawoffs or outlets 25, these being spaced, for example, equi-distant apart and extending across the lower end of the expansion chamber, there being in the present instance, six. These residuum outlets consist' of flanged bosses 28 connected to a tapered flanged pipe. section 29 suitably secured to the bosses 28. The lower end of the members 29 are connected through the throttle valves 30 to a residuum header 31. This residuum header 3l is provided at its outlet side with a master throttle Valve 32 and is connected to any suitable residuum storage. In order lto facilitate the removal of the carbon-containing residue from the header, I provide a compressed air or high pressure steam line 33 having a throttle valve 34 and leading to any suitable 'source of air or steam under pressure.

The arrangement is such that the residumaybe removed from that portion of the still, by opening any one of the six residuum` outlets shown. By alternately opening and closing these drawofs, the expansion chamber may be kept freefrom carbon over a long period of time.

In operating the process, Wayside Kansas fuel oil or the like may be fed continuously through the heating coll and heated to a temperature in the .transfer line of about 870 degrees F. and the whole system maintained under a vapor pressure of 145 pounds; The operation may be continued until, say, 70 or 80 tons of carbon are deposited in the expansion chamber, it being understood that while a great part of the carbon may be concombination with a cracking coil throu h' ity of l-valve 'controlled residuum drawoffs and 'a residilum header connected tothe drawoffs, and means for forcing,` fluid under pressure through the header to rapidly withdrawresidu'um from said expansion chamber. 4

2. ,In an apparatus for cracking oil, the

which oil is passedtobe subjected to crac ing conditions of temperatureand pressure, an expansion chamber recelving sa1d oil, a

plurality of discharge members disposed in" spaced relation extendino" from thel lower part of sald-expansion chamber, valves in leach .of saidmembers, a header common to all members, and 4means for introducinga fluid current to said header to assist in withdrawing the residuum from the expansion chamber. v

3. In' an apparatus for treating oil,;the

vcombination with 4a heating coil through .which oil is passed to be subjectedto heat,

an enlarged chamber receiving said oil, a plurality of discharge members disposed in spaced relationy from the lower portion of said enlarged chamber, valves in'each of said members, a headercommon to alll members, and means for introducing a fluid current to ,said header to assist in withdrawing residuum from the expansion chamber.

GUSTAV EGLOFF. HARRY P. BENNER 

